APRIL 1st

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A portrait of Tobias Lear.

Tobias Lear
Letters & Recollections (p68)

To Tobias Lear

Richmond, 12 April 1791

The Attorney-General’s case and mine I conceive, from a conversation I had with him respecting our Slaves, is some what different. He in order to qualify himself for practice in the Courts of Pennsylvania, was obliged to take the Oaths of Citizenship to that State; whilst my residence is incidental as an Officer of Government only, but whether among people who are in the practice of enticing slaves even where there is no colour of law for it, this distinction will avail, I know not, and therefore beg you will take the best advise you can on the subject, and in case it shall be found that any of my Slaves may, or any for them shall attempt their freedom at the expiration of six months, it is my wish and desire that you would send the whole, or such part of them as Mrs. Washington may not chuse to keep, home, for although I do not think they would be benefitted by the change, yet the idea of freedom might be too great a temptation for them to resist. At any rate it might, if they conceived they had a right to it, make them insolent in a State of Slavery. As all except Hercules* and Paris are dower negroes, it behoves me to prevent the emancipation of them, otherwise I shall not only loose the use of them, but may have them to pay for. If upon taking good advise it is found expedient to send them back to Virginia, I wish to have it accomplished under pretext that may deceive both them and the Public; and none I think would so effectually do this, as Mrs. Washington coming to Virginia next month (towards the middle or latter end of it, as she seemed to have a wish to do) if she can accomplish it by any convenient and agreeable means, with the assistance of the Stage Horses &c. This would naturally bring her maid and Austin, and Hercules under the idea of coming home to cook whilst we remained there, might be sent on in the Stage. Whether there is occasion for this or not according to the result of your enquiries, or issue the thing as it may, I request that these Sentiments and this advise may be known to none but yourself and Mrs. Washington. From the following expression in your letter “that those who were of age might follow the example of his (the Attorney’s people) after a residence of six months”, it would seem that none could apply before the end of May, and that the non age of Christopher, Richmond and Oney** is a bar to them. 

I offer Mrs. Lear the child and yourself my best wishes, and with Sincere Esteem I am Your Affecte. friend

G:o Washington

An improved and colorized painting of the President's House in Philadelphia in the 1790s.
The President’s House, Philadelphia
Annals of Philadelphia, 1830 (p360)

* Hercules Posey, an accomplished cook, escaped to New York City from Mount Vernon in 1797; he remained free for the rest of his life (see, 12 December entry).

** Ona “Oney” Judge also escaped from Philadelphia and remained free for the rest of her life. (see, 1 & 2 May entries)

Sources and Abbreviations

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