August 7th

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ON THIS DAY IN 1782

CREATES THE BADGE OF MILITARY MERIT
THE PURPLE HEART

GENERAL ORDERS

Head Quarters, Newburgh, 7 August 1782
Parole Winchester.  Countersigns York, Lancaster.

Honorary Badges of distinction are to be conferred on the veteran Non commissioned officers and soldiers of the army who have served more than three years with bravery, fidelity and good conduct; for this purpose a narrow piece of white cloath of an angular form is to be fixed to the left arm on the uniform Coat.* Non commissioned officers and soldiers who have served with equal reputation more than six years are to be distinguished by two pieces of cloth set in parellel to each other in a simular form; should any who are not entitled to these honors have the insolence to assume the badges of them they shall be severely punished. On the other hand it is expected those gallant men who are thus designated will on all occasions be treated with particular confidence and consideration.

A Purple Heart medal.
The Purple Heart Medal
U.S. Army

The General ever desirous to cherish virtuous ambition in his soldiers, as well as to foster and encourage every species of Military merit, directs that whenever any singularly meritorious action is performed, the author of it shall be permitted to wear on his facings over the left breast, the figure of a heart in purple cloth, or silk, edged with narrow lace or binding.** Not only instances of unusual gallantry, but also of extraordinary fidelity and essential service in any way shall meet with a due reward. Before this favour can be conferred on any man, the particular fact, or facts, on which it is to be grounded must be set forth to the Commander in chief accompanied with certificates from the Commanding officers of the regiment and brigade to which the Candadate for reward belonged, or other incontestable proofs, and upon granting it, the name and regiment of the person with the action so certified are to be enrolled in the book of merit which will be kept at the orderly office. Men who have merited this last distinction to be suffered to pass all guards and sentinals which officers are permitted to do.

The road to glory in a patriot army and a free country is thus open to all. This order is also to have retrospect to the earliest stages of the war, and to be considered as a permanent one.***

* This marks the official implementation of “service stripes” in the United States Army.

** “This decoration, now known as ‘the Purple Heart,’ was revived by the President of the United States, Feb. 22, 1933 [Washington’s birthday], and thrown open to all who served in the Army of the United States. As established by Washington, ‘The Badge of Military Merit’ was unique, in that it was obtainable only by privates and noncommissioned officers.” — Fitzpatrick, et al., WGW  

*** excerpt

Sources and Abbreviations

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